
Newsletter
14
September 1999
Celebrating Creation
This month Ive decided to reproduce a most wonderful article by Chet Raymo, an
astronomer and science writer.
Even
the sparrow finds a home, and the swallow a nest, where she rears her brood beside thy
altars.-
Psalms 84:3
Late last summer, in the west of Ireland , I spent a
night in the Gallarus Oratory, a tiny seventh-century church of unmortared stone. It is
the oldest in Europe. The oratory is about the size of a one-car garage, in the shape of
an overturned boat. It has a narrow entrance at the front and a single tiny window at the
rear, both open to the elements. Even during the day one needs a flashlight to explore the
interior.
I can`t say exactly why I was there, or why I intended to sit up all night, sleeplessly,
in that dark space. I had been thinking about skepticism and prayer, and I wanted to
experience something of whatever it was that inspired Irish monks to seek out these rough
hermitages perched on the edge of Europe, or - as they imagined - the edge of eternity.
They were pilgrims of the Absolute, seeking their God in a raw, ecstatic encounter with
stone, wind, sea, and sky. |
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The Gallarus Oratory is something of a tourist mecca,
but at night the place is isolated and dark, far from human habitation. From the door of
the oratory, one looks down a sloping mile of the fields to the twinkling lights of the
village of Ballydavid on Smerwick Harbor.
The sun had long set when I arrived, although at that latitude in summer the twilight
never quite fades from the northern horizon. It was a moonless night, ablaze with stars,
Jupiter brightest of all. Meteors occasionally streaked the sky, and satellites cruised
more stately orbits. Inside, I snuggled into a back corner of the oratory, tucked my knees
under my chin, and waited. I could see nothing but the starlit outline of the door, not
even my hand in front of my face. The silence was broken only by the low swish of my own
breath.
As the hours passed, I began to feel a presence, a powerful sensation of something or
someone sharing that empty darkness. I am not a mystical person , but I knew that I
was not alone, and I could imagine those hermit monks of the seventh century sharing the
same intense conviction of someone in the room. At last, I was spooked to the
point that I abandoned my interior corner and went outside.
A night of exceptional clarity! Stars spilling into the sea. And in the north, as if as
reward for my lonely vigil, the aurora borealis danced toward the zenith. How can I
describe what I saw ? Rays of silver light streaming up from the sea, as if from some
enchanted Oz just over the horizon, shimmering columns of fairy radiance. As I watched from the doorway of oratory, I remembered
something the nineteenth-century explorer Charles Francis Hall wrote about watching the
aurora from the Arctic: My first thought was, Among the gods there is none
like unto Thee, O Lord; neither are there any works like unto thy works!....We
looked, we SAW, we TREMBLED.
Hall knew he was watching a natural physical phenomenon, not a miracle, but his reaction
suggests the power of the aurora even on a mind trained in the methods of science. What
then did the monks of Gallarus think of the aurora, 1300 years ago, at a time when the
supernatural was the explanation of choice for exceptional phenomena?
Stepping
out from the inky darkness of their stone chapel, they must surely have felt that the
shimmering columns of light were somehow meant for them alone, a sign or a revelation, an
answer to their prayers.
We
have left the age of miracles behind, but not, I trust, our sense of wonder. Our quest for
encounter with the Absolute goes arm in arm with our search for answers. We are pilgrim
scientists, perched on the edge of eternity, curious and attentive. The Gallarus Oratory
was built for prayer, at a time when the world was universally thought to be charged with
the active spirit of a personal God: Every stone might be moved by incantation, every
zephyr blew good or ill; springs flowed or dried up at the deity`s whim; lights danced in
a predawn sky as a blessing or portent. Today, we know the lights are caused by electrons
crashing down from the sun, igniting luminescence. But our response to the lights might
still be one of prayerful attention, and they lead us, if we let them, into encounter with
the Absolute.
Traditional religious faiths
have three components: a shared cosmology (a story of the universe and our place in it),
spirituality (personal response to the numinous), and liturgy ( public expressions of
celebration and gratitude, including rites of passage).
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The
apparent antagonism of science and religion centers almost entirely on cosmology: What is
the universe? Where did it come from? How does it work? What is the human self? What is
our fate? Humans have always had answers to these questions. The answers have been
embodied in stories - tribal myths, scriptures, church traditions. All of these stories
derived from a raw experience of the creation, such as my experiences inside and outside
of the Gallarus Oratory. All of them contain enduring wisdom . But as a reliable
cosmological component of religious faith they have been superseded by what cultural
historian and Roman Catholic priest Thomas Berry calls the New Story - the scientific
story of the world.
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The New Story is the product of thousands of years of
human curiosity, observation, experimentation, and creativity. It is an evolving story,
not yet finished. Perhaps it will never be finished. It is a story that begins with an
explosion from a seed of infinite energy. The seed expands and cools. Particles form, then
atoms of hydrogen and helium. Stars and galaxies coalesce from swirling gas. Stars burn
and explode, forging heavy elements - carbon, nitrogen, oxygen - and hurl them into space.
New stars are born, with planets made of heavy elements. On one planet near a typical star
in a typical galaxy life appears in the form of microscopic self-replicating ensembles of
atoms. Life evolves, over billions of years, resulting in ever more complex organisms.
Continents move. Seas rise and fall. The atmosphere changes. Millions of species of life
appear and become extinct. Others adapt, survive, and spill out progeny. At last, human
consciousness appears. One species experiences the ineffable and wonders what it means,
and makes up stories - of invisible spirits who harbor in darkness, of gods who light up
the sky in answer to our prayers - eventually making
up the New Story.
The New Story has important advantages over all the stories that have gone before:
It works - It works so
well that it has become the irreplaceable basis of technological civilization. We test the
New Story in every way we can, in its particulars and in its totality. We build giant
particle accelerating machines to see what happened in the first hot moments of the Big
Bang. We put telescopes into space to look for the radiation of the primeval explosion.
With spectroscopes and radiation detectors we analyze the composition of stars and
galaxies and compare them to our theories to the origin of the world. Always and in every
way we try to prove the story wrong. When the story fails, we change it.
It is a universal story
- Although originally a product of Western culture, it has become the story of all
educated peoples throughout the world; scientists of all cultures, religions and political
persuasions exchange ideas freely and apply the same criteria of verification and
falsification. Like most children, I was taught that my story - Adam and Eve, angels,
miracles, incarnation, heaven, hell and all the rest - was the true story,
and that all others were false. Sometimes our so-called true stories gave us
permission to hurt those who lived by other stories. The New Story, by its universality,
helps put the old animosities behind us.
It is a story that emphasizes the connectedness of all people and all things - Some of the old stories, such as the one
I was taught as a child, placed humankind outside of space and time, gifted us with
unworldly spirit, and gave us dominion over the millions of Earths other creatures.
The New Story places us squarely in a cosmic unfolding of space and time, and teaches our
biological affinity to all humanity. We are ephemeral beings, inextricably related to all
of life, to the planet itself, and even to the lives of stars.
It is a story that asserts our responsibility for our own lives and the future of the
planet - In the New
Story, no omniscient deity intervenes at will in the creation, answers prayers, or leads
all things to a predetermined end. We are on our own, in the immensity of creation, with
an awesome responsibility to use our talents wisely.
It is a story that reveals a universe of unanticipated complexity, beauty and dimension
- The God revealed by the New Story is not the paltry personal projection of ourselves who
attracted and bedeviled our ancestors. It is, in the words of Jesuit theologian David
Toolan, the Unnamable One/Ancient of the Days of the mystics, of whom we can only
speak negatively (not this, not that), a wholly other hidden God of
Glory, or in the felicitous phrase of novelist Nikos Kazantzakis, the dread
essence beyond logic.
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We should treasure the ancient stories for the wisdom
and values they contain. We should celebrate the creation in whatever poetic languages and
rituals our traditional cultures have taught us. But only the New Story has the global
authority to help us navigate the future. It is not the true story, but it is
certainly the truest. Of all the stories that might provide the cosmological basis of
contemporary religious feeling, it is the only one that has had its feet held to the fire
of exacting experience.
The New story
informed my response to the dancing lights in the night sky at Gallarus. What I saw was
not a portent or miracle, but rather natures exquisite signature of the magnetic and
material entanglement of Earth and sun.
As the sun brightened the eastern horizon and the last shreds of aurora faded, I was
suddenly startled by a pair of swallows that began to dart in and out of the Gallarus
Oratory, hunting insects on the wing. I followed them inside and discovered a nest with
three chicks perched on a protruding stone just above the place I had been sitting. The
mysterious presence I had felt so strongly in the darkness was not god, nor spirit, nor
succubus, nor demon, but the respirations and featherings of swallows." |
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All enquiries:
Mario Di Maggio Tel: 300 6228 (w)
or 082 829
7645 or Mario Di Maggio
Viewing evening enquiries:
Raymond Field Tel: 309 4126 (w) or
083 334 8645 or 465 7188 (h)
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Viewing Evenings
at Marist Bros. College* |
Special Events |
Meetings - 7:00PM
at
University of Natal* |
Oct
1999 |
First clear night of either:
Fri 8th or
Sat 9th or
Fri 15th or
Sat 16th at 18h30 |
Combined Durban astronomy societies braai
and viewing evening
Thur 7th October from 7PM
onwards - fires
& charcoal will be provided, just bring your own food & drink; as well as deck
chairs, telescopes, binoculars, warm clothes, enthusiasm and an interest in the
magnificence of the starry sky above us. Venue: University Athletic Grounds,
Francois Rd (opposite side of the road, and below, the Old Mutual Sports Hall) |
Thur 14th Oct: Beautiful
Hubble Photographs
Thur 28th Oct: The
Magnificent Aurora |
Nov
1999 |
First clear night of either:
Fri 5th or
Sat 6th or
Fri 12th or
Sat 13th at 19h00 |
Return of the Leonids!
Diarise the dates NOW: the night of
the 16th and
early morning hours of the 17th
November.
The Leonid meteor shower
was quite spectacular last year for those who had clear skies - and this year
it could be even more so. |
University exams - no programme |
Dec
1999 |
First clear night of either:
Fri 3rd or
Sat 4th or
Fri 10th or
Sat 11th at 19h00 |
More meteors! - Diarise these dates as well: the nights
and early morning hours (ie. between 10:30PM and 1:00AM) of the 12th to
the 14th December. The annual Geminid meteor shower always
results in numerous meteors - and numerous opportunities for making wishes on a falling
stars just before the new millennium..... |
University vacation - no programme |
*Directions to Marist
Brothers College: travel south along Ridge Road from Tollgate towards Entabeni
Hospital. Just after the hospital turn right into Glenwood Drive, which is an L-shaped
road. At the end of the road you will see Marist Brothers College in front of you. Turn
left into the school car park. |
*Directions to lecture room
S4, Science Block, University of Natal: travel to the top of Francois Road, turn right
into the University private road. Directly after boom gate turn left and the Science Block
is on the right. For more information: Sarah Buchner tel: 260 2768 or buchner@scifs1.und.ac.za. |
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